TOOL 7.2: Factors that may Influence the Child/Adolescent’s Sleep/Wake Cycle

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TOOL 7.2: Factors that may Influence the Child/Adolescent’s Sleep/Wake Cycle

Examples of factors and considerations

Medical Conditions

  • Endocrine dysfunction
  • Metabolic
  • Obesity
  • Enlarged tonsils
  • Obstruction
  • Sleep-related breathing disorders (possibly sleep apnea)
  • Early morning headaches

Current Medication Use

Verify if prescribed or non-prescribed medications that are being taken have an impact on sleep and screen for stimulants. Factors to consider:

  • Type of medication (adequate/inadequate type)
  • Dosage
  • Timing of administration

Comorbid Psychopathology

  • Mood and anxiety disorders (Domain 8: Mental health considerations)
  • Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
  • Query nightmares and/or night terrors

Unhealthy Habits

  • Lack of exercise
  • Variable sleep-wake schedule
  • Excessive napping
  • Excessive time spent in bed
  • Exercising close to bedtime
  • Screen time (hours per day)
  • Use of nicotine, caffeine, and/or energy drinks
  • Diet: Consumption of processed foods, processed sugars, alcohol, and/or drugs

Adapted from Guidelines for Concussion/Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Persistent Symptoms, Third Editiono.